Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca citadel perched in the Andes Mountains of Peru, specifically within the Urubamba Province, close to the city of Cusco. Nestled at an altitude of approximately 2,430 meters, this historical sanctuary is famously dubbed the “Lost City of the Incas” and is one of the most iconic symbols of the Inca Empire.
The site is precisely positioned on a mountain ridge between the Machu Picchu and Huayna Picchu peaks, offering breathtaking views over the Urubamba River valley below.
The geography surrounding Machu Picchu is as dramatic as it is historic, featuring rugged mountains and a diverse ecosystem that ranges from thick cloud forests to high-altitude tundra. The area, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983, covers around 35,000 hectares and includes three significant mountains: Machu Picchu, Huayna Picchu, and Putucusi.
Machu Picchu’s unique architectural features include its dry-stone walls, which are so precisely cut that they fit together without mortar. This site’s historical and cultural significance, combined with its stunning geography, has earned Machu Picchu recognition as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, highlighting its importance not just to Peru but to the world’s heritage.
Wondering what to do in Machu Picchu? Here are the best things to do in Machu Picchu.
Things To Do in Machu Picchu
1. Visit the Iconic Sun Gate
Sun Gate
The Sun Gate, known as Inti Punku, is the main entrance to Machu Picchu for hikers arriving via the Inca Trail. It sits at an altitude of about 2,745 meters, offering breathtaking views of the ancient city and the surrounding Andes. This spot is where you get your first glimpse of Machu Picchu, making it a magical moment, especially at sunrise when the sun bathes the ruins in golden light.
The Sun Gate was a strategic point during the Inca era. It controlled access to the citadel and served as a ceremonial gateway. The stone path leading to the Sun Gate is well-preserved, showcasing the incredible engineering skills of the Inca civilization. As you walk up, you’ll pass lush vegetation and marvel at the stunning landscape.
It’s a moderately challenging hike from Machu Picchu to the Sun Gate, taking about an hour one way. Comfortable shoes and water are essential for the journey. Once there, the panoramic view is a reward like no other. Whether you’re a history lover or a nature enthusiast, the Sun Gate is a must-visit.
Address: Inti Punku, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
2. Explore the Temple of the Sun
The Temple of the Sun is one of Machu Picchu’s most significant structures. Built with precise stonework, it showcases the advanced architectural techniques of the Incas. The temple is semi-circular and perfectly aligned with the summer solstice, when sunlight streams through its windows to illuminate a sacred altar.
This structure was likely used for religious ceremonies, including offerings to Inti, the Inca sun god. The temple’s design also suggests it served as an observatory. The stones are polished to a mirror-like finish, reflecting the Incas’ reverence for celestial events.
A fascinating feature of the Temple of the Sun is the natural rock formation that serves as its foundation. Below it lies a cave known as the Royal Tomb. Intricate carvings and niches within the temple hint at its sacred role in Inca culture. Visitors often pause here to admire its beauty and soak in the spiritual energy.
Be sure to include this site in your Machu Picchu exploration for a glimpse into the Inca world of astronomy and religion.
Address: Temple of the Sun, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
3. See the Temple of the Three Windows
The Temple of the Three Windows is a remarkable structure near Machu Picchu’s main plaza. Its three large trapezoidal windows offer stunning views of the surrounding mountains. These windows are believed to represent the three worlds in Inca mythology: the underworld, the earthly world, and the celestial world.
Built with immense precision, the temple reflects the Inca’s advanced construction techniques. The stones fit seamlessly without mortar, a hallmark of their architecture. It is thought that this temple was a ceremonial center, symbolizing their spiritual beliefs and connection to nature.
Standing by the windows, you’ll feel transported back in time. The play of light through the openings adds a mystical touch, especially during sunrise. Archaeologists suggest that these windows also had astronomical significance, aligning with important celestial events.
The Temple of the Three Windows is an iconic part of Machu Picchu and a favorite spot for photos. Its beauty and cultural importance make it an unmissable experience.
Address: Temple of the Three Windows, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
4. Walk to the Inca Bridge
The Inca Bridge is a hidden gem at Machu Picchu. This wooden bridge, built over a sheer cliff, served as a secret back entrance to the citadel. It’s a marvel of ancient engineering, designed to be retractable for defense purposes. The 600-meter drop below it makes it both thrilling and awe-inspiring.
The trail to the Inca Bridge is well-maintained and scenic. It takes about 15 minutes to reach the site from the main complex. Along the way, you’ll encounter breathtaking views of the Urubamba Valley and lush vegetation. The path is narrow and carved into the cliffside, offering a glimpse into the ingenuity of Inca builders.
Although walking on the bridge is no longer allowed for safety reasons, standing nearby and imagining its historical role is an unforgettable experience. The combination of natural beauty and architectural brilliance makes the Inca Bridge a highlight of any visit.
Address: Inca Bridge Trail, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
5. Marvel at the Views from Machu Picchu Mountain
Machu Picchu Mountain, or Montaña Machu Picchu, offers one of the most stunning views of the ancient citadel and its surrounding landscape. This towering peak rises to 3,082 meters and provides a bird’s-eye perspective of Machu Picchu, the Urubamba River, and the lush Andean mountains.
The hike to the summit is challenging but rewarding. It takes about 2 to 3 hours to reach the top, depending on your pace. The trail is steep and features stone steps carved by the Incas. Along the way, you’ll enjoy breathtaking views and a chance to appreciate the area’s biodiversity, including colorful orchids and exotic birds.
At the summit, the panorama is unparalleled. The ancient city looks like a tiny model surrounded by majestic peaks and valleys. It’s an ideal spot for photography or simply taking in the awe-inspiring scenery. The peaceful atmosphere at the top is perfect for a moment of reflection.
Ensure you reserve a ticket in advance, as access to this hike is limited. Wear sturdy shoes and carry water to make the journey more comfortable.
Address: Machu Picchu Mountain Trail, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
6. Climb Huayna Picchu for Breathtaking Vistas
Huayna Picchu, the iconic peak seen in most photos of Machu Picchu, offers an adventurous climb with incredible rewards. Rising to 2,720 meters, this mountain provides a dramatic backdrop to the citadel and panoramic views that are simply unforgettable.
The trail to Huayna Picchu is steep and narrow, with stone steps and handrails in some sections. It takes about an hour to ascend and is best suited for those with a good fitness level. Along the way, you’ll pass fascinating Inca ruins, such as the Temple of the Moon, tucked into the mountain’s side.
The summit offers unparalleled views of Machu Picchu from above, framed by the surrounding Andean peaks and valleys. It’s a photographer’s dream and a bucket-list experience for adventure enthusiasts. The descent can be challenging, so take your time and watch your footing.
Tickets for Huayna Picchu are limited and must be booked in advance. Plan accordingly to secure your spot.
Address: Huayna Picchu Trail, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
7. Stroll Through the Central Plaza
Central Plaza
The Central Plaza is the heart of Machu Picchu. This open grassy area separates the residential section from the ceremonial and agricultural zones. It served as a gathering place for the Inca people, possibly for festivals, rituals, or daily communal activities.
Today, the Central Plaza is a tranquil spot surrounded by iconic ruins and grazing llamas. The neatly maintained grass adds to its charm, creating a picturesque contrast to the stone architecture. Visitors often take a break here to soak in the atmosphere and appreciate the serene beauty of the site.
The plaza is a great vantage point to observe the surrounding structures, including the Temple of the Sun and the Intihuatana stone. From here, you can also see the terraces that descend towards the Sacred Valley. It’s an ideal location to relax and capture the essence of Machu Picchu.
Remember to respect the area by staying off the grass, as this helps preserve its condition for future visitors.
Address: Central Plaza, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
8. Examine the Intricate Intihuatana Stone
The Intihuatana stone is a fascinating artifact located within Machu Picchu. Known as the “Hitching Post of the Sun,” this carved granite stone is believed to have been an astronomical tool used by the Incas. It helped them predict solstices and seasonal changes, showcasing their advanced understanding of the cosmos.
The stone is situated on a raised platform, offering stunning views of the surrounding mountains. Its precise angles and polished surfaces reflect the Incas’ exceptional craftsmanship. Standing near the Intihuatana, you can imagine the priests and astronomers using it to guide agricultural and ceremonial activities.
Visitors often feel a sense of awe and mystery while viewing the stone. Some even describe a unique energy emanating from it. Whether or not you believe the legends, the Intihuatana is a must-see for anyone curious about Inca science and spirituality.
This site is a testament to the ingenuity and cultural depth of the Inca civilization. Don’t forget to take a moment to appreciate its historical significance.
Address: Intihuatana Stone, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
9. Discover the Royal Tomb
The Royal Tomb is a fascinating part of Machu Picchu, located beneath the Temple of the Sun. This intricately designed space is believed to have been a burial site for Inca royalty or high priests. Its walls feature carved niches and altars that reflect the Inca’s impressive stonework.
The tomb’s purpose remains a mystery, but its ceremonial design hints at spiritual significance. Researchers have found evidence of offerings and rituals performed here, suggesting it was a sacred place. The craftsmanship of the stairs and walls in this area is remarkable, showcasing the precision of Inca architecture.
Visitors are often captivated by the solemn atmosphere of the Royal Tomb. Standing at this site, you can feel its historical weight and imagine the important ceremonies that took place. It’s a must-see for history enthusiasts and anyone eager to learn about the Inca civilization.
Address: Royal Tomb, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
10. Check Out the Sacred Rock
The Sacred Rock, located near the main urban area of Machu Picchu, is an intriguing monolith carved in a way that mirrors the outline of the nearby Putucusi Mountain. Its exact purpose remains unknown, but many believe it served as a ceremonial altar or a spiritual symbol.
The rock’s smooth surface and strategic placement suggest it held great significance to the Incas. Some theories propose it was used for rituals, while others link it to their deep connection with nature and the surrounding landscape. Standing before the Sacred Rock, you’ll notice the quiet reverence it inspires.
Visitors are drawn to this site for its simplicity and mystery. It’s a reminder of the spiritual depth and ingenuity of the Inca civilization. Take a moment here to reflect on the culture that thrived in this breathtaking location.
Address: Sacred Rock, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
11. Explore the Residential and Industrial Sectors
Machu Picchu’s residential and industrial sectors provide a glimpse into the daily lives of the Inca people. The residential area features well-preserved stone houses that may have housed nobles and priests. These structures showcase the Incas’ ability to adapt their architecture to the steep terrain.
The industrial sector, on the other hand, was likely used for practical activities like food preparation and storage. You’ll find large open spaces and evidence of advanced engineering, such as drainage systems and water channels. These areas reflect the resourcefulness and organization of Inca society.
Wandering through these sectors, you can imagine the bustling life that once filled these spaces. It’s a unique opportunity to connect with the past and appreciate the ingenuity of the Incas.
Address: Residential and Industrial Sectors, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
12. Visit the Guardhouse for a Panoramic View
The Guardhouse, also known as the Caretaker’s Hut, offers one of the best views of Machu Picchu. This three-sided structure was strategically placed to monitor access to the citadel. From here, guards could oversee the surrounding landscape and ensure the safety of the site.
Today, the Guardhouse is a popular spot for visitors to enjoy a panoramic view of the ruins and the Andes mountains. It’s the perfect place to take photos or simply marvel at the breathtaking scenery. The structure itself is an example of the Incas’ functional yet beautiful architecture.
The trek to the Guardhouse is short and manageable, making it an ideal stop during your visit. Don’t miss this incredible viewpoint!
Address: Guardhouse, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
13. Hike to the Inca Drawbridge
The Inca Drawbridge is a hidden gem at Machu Picchu that combines breathtaking views with historical intrigue. This wooden bridge, built into a sheer cliff, once served as a secret entryway to the citadel. The bridge could be retracted to protect the site from intruders, showcasing the Incas’ ingenuity in defense.
The hike to the drawbridge is relatively easy, taking about 15-20 minutes from the main site. The path is carved into the cliffside, offering stunning views of the Urubamba Valley below. Along the way, you’ll be surrounded by lush vegetation, making the journey as enjoyable as the destination.
Although visitors can no longer walk on the bridge for safety reasons, the sight of this ancient marvel is enough to inspire awe. The combination of history, engineering, and natural beauty makes this a must-visit spot.
Address: Inca Drawbridge Trail, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
14. See the Complex of the Condor
The Temple of the Condor
The Temple of the Condor is a fascinating and symbolic structure within Machu Picchu. Its design represents a condor, a sacred bird in Inca mythology that symbolizes freedom and the connection between the earthly and spiritual worlds. The condor’s head and wings are carved into the natural rock, blending seamlessly with the surroundings.
This area is thought to have been used for ceremonial purposes, possibly involving offerings or rituals honoring the condor. The craftsmanship of the structure is impressive, highlighting the Incas’ ability to incorporate their environment into their architecture.
Visitors are often drawn to this site for its symbolism and artistry. Standing here, you can feel the spiritual significance the Incas placed on their connection to nature and the divine.
Address: Temple of the Condor, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
15. Wander Around the Agricultural Terraces
The agricultural terraces of Machu Picchu are a testament to the ingenuity of the Inca civilization. These stepped terraces were used for farming and to prevent soil erosion on the steep slopes. The Incas cultivated crops like maize and potatoes, adapting to the challenging terrain.
Walking along the terraces, you’ll appreciate the advanced engineering that allowed the Incas to sustain a thriving community in such a remote location. The views from the terraces are also spectacular, offering a unique perspective of the surrounding mountains and valleys.
This area is a favorite for photographers and nature lovers. It’s a peaceful spot to take in the beauty of Machu Picchu and reflect on the harmony the Incas achieved with their environment.
Address: Agricultural Terraces, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
16. Visit the Temple of the Condor
The Temple of the Condor is another masterpiece within Machu Picchu. This sacred site is named for its resemblance to a condor, a bird revered in Inca culture. The temple’s design includes a large carved rock that forms the wings of the condor, with its head represented by a natural stone below.
The temple likely served as a spiritual and ceremonial site, emphasizing the Incas’ deep connection to nature and the cosmos. Visitors often feel a sense of reverence here, inspired by the creativity and spiritual depth of the Inca people.
Take your time exploring this area to fully appreciate its artistry and historical significance.
Address: Temple of the Condor, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
17. Explore the Inca Baths
The Inca Baths, or the “Inca Water Channels,” are one of the lesser-known but fascinating areas within Machu Picchu. Located near the main agricultural sector, these baths were likely used for ceremonial purposes, showcasing the Incas’ deep respect for water as a life-giving force. The water flows through a series of beautifully constructed stone channels, creating an atmospheric setting.
The baths are made up of several pools, each with flowing water that comes from natural springs. The Incas used these water systems for ritual cleansing, connecting with the spiritual world, or for practical uses such as bathing or washing clothes. The intricate design of the water channels demonstrates the Incas’ advanced engineering and understanding of hydrology.
Visitors to the Inca Baths can enjoy the serene atmosphere of the area, with the gentle flow of water and the sound of nature all around. It’s a peaceful spot to reflect and appreciate the sophistication of Inca society.
Address: Inca Baths, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
18. Admire the Craftsmanship at the Funerary Rock
The Funerary Rock is another significant and mysterious feature within Machu Picchu. Situated near the Temple of the Sun, this large stone is thought to have been used in burial ceremonies. The rock is intricately carved with niches, which may have been used to hold mummies or offerings to the gods.
The stone’s precise placement and design suggest its importance in Inca rituals. The surrounding area is tranquil and reflective, making it a perfect spot to contemplate the spiritual and cultural practices of the Inca people. While its exact function remains unclear, many believe it was integral to royal funerary rites.
The craftsmanship of the Funerary Rock is a testament to the skill of Inca stonemasons, whose work continues to inspire admiration today. Don’t miss the chance to witness this remarkable piece of history.
Address: Funerary Rock, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
19. See the Rare Sights at Intimachay
Intimachay, also known as the Cave of the Sun, is a hidden gem at Machu Picchu. Located on the eastern terraces, this small cave has an intriguing role in Inca culture. It is aligned with the sun’s rays during the solstices, when the sunlight illuminates the rear wall, casting a mystical glow.
Intimachay is thought to have been a place of worship or a site for astronomical observation. The cave is often shrouded in shadow, adding to its mysterious and spiritual atmosphere. It is a special place to visit, particularly during the solstice when its alignment with the sun becomes apparent.
Exploring Intimachay offers a chance to connect with the ancient spiritual practices of the Incas, highlighting their sophisticated understanding of astronomy and the cosmos. It’s an unforgettable experience for those interested in Inca culture.
Address: Intimachay, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
20. Walk the Circuit of the Upper and Lower Urban Sectors
The upper and lower urban sectors of Machu Picchu are separated by terraces, yet both provide essential insights into the ancient city’s layout and function. The upper sector is home to some of the most famous structures, like the Temple of the Sun, while the lower sector is where the residential and industrial areas were located.
Walking through these sectors, you’ll notice the remarkable organization and division of space. The upper urban sector was likely reserved for ceremonial purposes, with temples and sacred sites, while the lower sector served as living quarters and production areas. This division highlights the social and functional structure of the Inca civilization.
The walk through these areas offers a deeper understanding of Machu Picchu’s daily life and spiritual significance. It’s an essential part of your exploration, helping you appreciate the site’s complexity.
Address: Upper and Lower Urban Sectors, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
21. Enjoy the Serenity of Machu Picchu’s Quieter Corners
Machu Picchu is renowned for its iconic structures, but its quieter corners offer an equally enchanting experience. Tucked away from the main crowds, these hidden spots allow you to immerse yourself in the tranquil beauty of the site. You can find these serene areas near the agricultural terraces, outer pathways, or the less-visited residential sectors.
These peaceful corners provide a chance to reflect on the ingenuity of the Inca civilization while surrounded by breathtaking scenery. The soft rustle of the wind and the distant calls of birds add to the magical atmosphere. It’s the perfect place to pause, breathe, and absorb the energy of this sacred site.
For those who enjoy photography, these quieter areas often reveal unique angles and perspectives of Machu Picchu. From the interplay of light and shadow to the natural framing of the mountains, every detail becomes more vivid in solitude.
Take time to explore beyond the main attractions, and you’ll uncover the serene essence of Machu Picchu that makes it unforgettable.
Address: Quieter Corners, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
22. Observe the Local Llamas Roaming Freely
Local Llamas
One of the most delightful sights at Machu Picchu is the llamas roaming freely across the ruins. These animals are an integral part of the site’s charm and serve as a living connection to its past. Llamas were essential to the Inca way of life, providing transport, wool, and food.
As you explore, you’ll often see llamas grazing on the terraces or casually wandering through the ancient pathways. They’re accustomed to visitors and make for fantastic photo opportunities. However, it’s important to respect their space and observe them from a safe distance.
Watching these graceful creatures against the backdrop of the majestic Andes is a highlight of any visit. Their presence adds a touch of life and authenticity to the ruins, reminding you that this once-thriving city was deeply connected to nature.
Address: Llama Areas, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
23. Take in the Panoramic Views from Various Vantage Points
Machu Picchu offers countless breathtaking vantage points, each providing unique perspectives of the ancient city and its surroundings. Some of the best spots include the Sun Gate, Huayna Picchu, and the Guardhouse. These viewpoints highlight the harmonious blend of Inca architecture and the natural landscape.
From these spots, you can see the sprawling terraces, iconic temples, and distant mountain peaks. The panoramic views are perfect for capturing stunning photos or simply admiring the beauty of this UNESCO World Heritage Site. Sunrise and sunset are particularly magical times to visit these points.
Exploring the various viewpoints also allows you to appreciate the strategic location of Machu Picchu. The Incas chose this site not only for its natural beauty but also for its defensive and spiritual qualities. Don’t miss the chance to take in the full splendor of this incredible place.
Address: Various Vantage Points, Machu Picchu, Urubamba Province, Cusco, Peru.
Also Check Out How to Travel to Machu Picchu,
Final Thoughts
Machu Picchu is a breathtaking testament to the ingenuity, spirituality, and resilience of the Inca civilization. Surrounded by stunning natural beauty, this UNESCO World Heritage Site offers a profound sense of history and wonder.
Each corner reveals intricate craftsmanship, deep cultural connections, and harmony with nature. Take your time to explore, savor the serene atmosphere, and let this remarkable site leave a lasting impression on your heart and mind.